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[Translation from English to Japanese ] Though many observers speak of democracy when they examine self-governance in...
Original Texts
Though many observers speak of democracy when they examine self-governance in
China, few of them have stopped to define the term. Because they seek to avoid courting controversy, as democracy is at root an ‘essentially contested concept’. Still, some efforts have been made by political theorists to standardize usage.many have taken Dahl’s definition of polyarchy as the first, most straightforward characterization of democracy. Following Dahl, they adopt a ‘procedural minimum’ understanding of democracy, which ‘presumes fully contested elections with full suffrage and the absence of massive fraud, combined with effective guarantees of civil liberties, including freedom of speech, assembly, and association’.
China, few of them have stopped to define the term. Because they seek to avoid courting controversy, as democracy is at root an ‘essentially contested concept’. Still, some efforts have been made by political theorists to standardize usage.many have taken Dahl’s definition of polyarchy as the first, most straightforward characterization of democracy. Following Dahl, they adopt a ‘procedural minimum’ understanding of democracy, which ‘presumes fully contested elections with full suffrage and the absence of massive fraud, combined with effective guarantees of civil liberties, including freedom of speech, assembly, and association’.
中国での自治を検証するとき多くの監視者は民主主義について語るが、その言葉の定義を終えた人は少ない。なぜなら民主主義は根幹からして「基本的に論争を呼ぶ思想」であるため、議論を呼ぶのを避けようとするからだ。それでもなお、その言葉の使用を標準化しようとする政治理論学者はおり、定義する努力は続けられている。多くの人はまず最初にDahlによる多頭政治の定義を民主化のわかりやすい特徴定義として採用してきた。Dahlの次に、彼らは民主主義は「必要最低限手続き」であるという理解を採用する。これは「全選挙権者により投票され且つ大掛かりな詐欺がなく、発言、集会、組合結成の自由を含む市民の自由もしっかり保証されているとみなされる」ことである。
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