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xx (yuko_kubodera) — Translations

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Almost 11 years ago Female 40s
Japan
Japanese (Native) English
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A listing of the public translations that were written by this user. This listing does not include the requests that have yet to be completed.
yuko_kubodera Japanese → English ★★★★☆ 4.0
22 Apr 2014 at 18:09
Original Text

代用炭とは練炭、豆炭、炭団など木炭の代用品として使用された燃料の総称である。炭団は江戸時代から、練炭は明治中期、豆炭は大正中期に使われ始めた。代用炭需要の拡大は１９２０年代前半の木炭不足が契機となった。明治初年以来１９２０年に至るまで日本は大幅な木炭の輸出国であったが、１９２１年には輸入量が急増し、翌２２年には木炭輸入国となった。特に関東大震災が起こった１９２３年は前年の二倍の木炭を輸入・移入した。木炭生産量が増加していたことを考えると、需要の増加は都市化が原因であろう。

Translation

Substitute coal is a collective term of fuels replaced and used by wood coal such as artificial coal, pea coal and coal field. People started using coal field from Edo era, artificial coal in the middle of Meiji era and pea coal in the middle of Taisho era.
The expansion of substitute coal's demand was caused by the shortage of wood coal in the early 1920's.
From the early times of Meiji era to 1920, Japan was a major exporter of wood coal, but the amount of import increased in 1921, Japan became an importer of wood coal on the following year 1922. Especially when the Great Kanto Earthquake struck in 1923, the amount of wood coal imported doubled.
Given the volume of production increased then, the increased demand could be attributed to urbanization.

yuko_kubodera Japanese → English ★★★★☆ 4.0
17 Apr 2014 at 18:26
Original Text

本州と異なり、北海道では気候上ストーブなしの越冬は困難であった。１８７６年頃から札幌では薪燃料ストーブの使用が始まり、１８９０年代から石炭を燃料とするストーブが現れた。１９２０年代前半にかけて開拓の奥地化を原因とする薪不足より薪が高騰し、給炭に便利な貯炭式ストーブが国産化されたことも手伝い石炭の利用は急増した。１９３７年の調査では、石炭使用家屋の比率は市部では７０％、郡部では３３％であった。温暖な福岡県でも家庭用の石炭利用は多かったが、これは福岡が石炭産出県であることによる。

Translation

Unlike Japan's main island, it was difficult to pass the winter in Hokkaido without using stove because of the climate. People started using wood fuel stove since around 1876 in Sapporo and coal fuel stove came out in 1890's. The price of firewood rose since the early 1920's due to the shortage of firewood after further development of land. Then the usage of coal increased rapidly after convenient coal stock stove became domestically-produced. Survey in 1937 showed the ratio of household using coal fuel took up 70% in cities and 33% in countryside. Even in Fukuoka prefecture, where climate is mild, many households used coal fuel. This is because Fukuoka prefecture is one of the coal producing areas.