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Yumie (3_yumie7) Translations

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3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

So spake Octavian.Thereupon some of his hearers went again to Praeneste.Lucius said to them merely,that both sides had already begun hostilities, that Octavian was practising deception; for he had lately sent a legion to Brundusium to prevent Antony from coming home. Manius showed also a letter of Antony's, either true or fictitious, saying that they should fight if anybody assailed his dignity. When the senators asked if anybody had assailed Antony's dignity, and urged Manius to submit that question to trial, he indulged in many other quibbles till they went away unsuccessful. Nor did they collectively bring any answer to Octavian, either because they had communicated it each for himself, or because they were

Translation

Octavianはそのように話した。そこでそれを聞いていた者の元老院議員の何人かは再びPraenesteに行った。Luciusは彼らに対して、両者共に戦闘は始まっており、Octavianは嘘をついている。Octavianは最近Antonyが家に戻れないようにするために1レギオンをBrundusiumに送ったのだ、と述べるにとどまった。ManiusもAntonyの手紙を見せ、真偽のほどはともかくとしてAntonyの威厳を傷つける者に対しては誰であれ戦わねばならないと述べた。元老院議員らが、Antonyの威厳を傷つける者があったのかと尋ね、Maniusにその疑問を裁判に出すよう促すと、Maniusは他の多くの屁理屈を並べたいだけ並べたため、元老院議員らは、それを各々がOctavianに伝えたにせよ、それを恥じたにせよ、他に理由があったにせよ、全体としてOctavianに何の回答ももたらすことができず、交渉は失敗に終わってその場を立ち去った。

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

ashamed, or for some other reason. The war broke out and Octavian set forth to take part in it, leaving Lepidus with two legions to guard Rome. Most of the aristocrats then most clearly showed, by joining Lucius, that they were not pleased with the rule of the triumvirs.3The following were the principal events of the war. A sedition broke out in two of Lucius' legions at Alba, which expelled their commanding officers and began to revolt. Both Octavian and Lucius hastened to them. Lucius arrived there first and kept them by a large donative and great promises. While Furnius was bringing a reinforcement to Lucius, Octavian fell upon his rearguard. Furnius took refuge on a hill and withdrew by night, suspecting

Translation

戦争が勃発しOctavianは戦争参加を表明し、ローマを守るために2レギオンを率いてLepidusを出た。当時ほとんどの貴族はL三頭政治による支配が気に入らずucius側につくと表明していた。以下、戦争の主な出来事を記す。AlbaのLuciusの2レギオンで反乱がおこり、自分たちの士官を追い出して抵抗した。Octavian、Lucius両者とも彼らの下に急いだ。Luciusが先にそこに入り、大金と大きな約束で兵士らを確保した。FurniusがLuciusに増援部隊を提供していた頃、Octavianは後衛隊を襲撃していた。Furniusは丘の上に逃げ、奇襲を疑って夜のうちに撤退した。

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

an ambush,but the next day he laid siege to Sentia and Furnius' camp together.Lucius, who was hastening toward Rome,sent forward three cohorts,which effected an entrance into the city clandestinely by night.He followed with his main army and some cavalry and gladiators. Nonius, who had charge of the gates, admitted him,and handed over to him the forces under his own command. Lepidus fled to Octavian. Lucius made a speech to the citizens, saying that he should visit punishment upon Octavian and Lepidus for their lawless rule, and that his brother would voluntarily resign his share of it and accept the consulship, exchanging an unlawful magistracy for a lawful one, a tyranny for the constitution of their fathers.

Translation

だが翌日彼はSentiaとFurniusの陣を同時に包囲した。ローマに急いでいたLuciusはそれに先立って歩兵隊3人を遣って夜のうちにひそかにローマに忍び込ませた。Luciusは主要な軍隊と騎兵隊、剣闘士らと共にそれに続いた。門を守っていたNoniusはLuciusであることに
気づき、自分が指揮していた群を彼に引き渡した。LepidusはOctavianの元に富んでいった。Luciusは市民の前で演説し、法なき支配を理由にOctavianとLepidusに罰を下さねばならない、彼の弟は喜んで自分の職を辞め、執政官となり、法なき裁判制を法に則ったものに変え、独裁制を元老院議員による立憲政治に変えなければならないと述べた。

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

Both Octavian and Lucius sent recruiting officers throughout Italy, who had skirmishes with each other of more or less importance, and frequent ambuscades. The good-will of the Italians was of great service to Lucius, as they believed that he was fighting for them against the new colonists. Not only the cities that had been designated for the army, but almost the whole of Italy, rose, fearing like treatment. They drove out of the towns, or killed, those who were borrowing money from the temples for Octavian, manned their walls, and joined Lucius. On the other hand, the colonised soldiers joined Octavian. Each one in both parties took sides as though this were his own war.Though these events were taking place,

Translation

Octavian、Lucius共にイタリア全土から士官を募るための役人を送り、士官らはある程度の規模の小競り合いを互いに繰り広げ、頻繁に待ち伏せをした。イタリア人の好意はLuciusの素晴らしい仕事に向けられた。国民は新たな入植者に対抗すべくLuciusが自分たちのために戦ってくれていると信じていた。軍隊に割り当てられた町ばかりでなくイタリアのほぼ全土が不安な処遇に対して立ち上がった。人々は街に立ち寄っては、Octavianのために金を貸した寺院の人々を殺害し、その壁に兵を配置し、Lucius側に加わった。一方、入植した兵士らはOctavianについた。両軍の一人ひとりが自分自身の戦いであるかのように一方の側についた。このような出来事が起こっている間、

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

Octavian nevertheless convoked the Senate and the equestrian order and addressed them as follows:"I know very well that I am accused by Lucius and his friends of weakness and want of courage because I do not fight them, and that I shall be still further accused on account of my calling you together. But I have strong forces who have suffered wrong in common with me, both those who have been dispossessed of their colonies by Lucius and the others whom I have in hand; and I am strong in all other respects except only in the purpose to fight. I am not fond of fighting in civil wars except under dire necessity, or of wasting the remainder of our citizens in conflicts with each other; least of all in this civil war,

Translation

このような事実にもかかわらず、Octavianは元老院を召集し、騎手を集めて次のように述べた。「私はLuciusとその友人から、彼らと戦わないから弱虫だ、勇気がないと非難されていることを知っている。また君たちを呼んだことでさらに非難されていることもだ。だが、私には強力な軍隊があり、私と苦しみを共にしてきたその諸君は、Ludiusや私の支配下の人間によってその領地の所有権を奪われている。私は唯一、戦うという目的を除いて他の点では強い人間だ。私はどうしても必要な時以外は内戦をすることは好きではないし、我が市民に残された財産を互いに戦って無駄使いすることも好まない。この内戦で使う気など毛頭ないのだ。

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

whose horrors will not be announced to us from Macedonia or Thrace,but will take place in Italy itself, which, if it becomes the field of battle, must suffer countless evils in addition to the loss of life. For these reasons I hesitate.And now I do still protest that I do Antony no wrong, nor do I suffer any wrong from him,but I beseech you to reason with Lucius and his friends on your own account, and to bring them to a reconciliation with me. If you cannot even now persuade them, I shall presently show them that I have hitherto been moved by good-will, not by cowardice; and I ask you to be witnesses for me not only among yourselves, but also to Antony, and to sustain me on account of the arrogance of Lucius."

Translation

その恐怖がMacedoniaやThraceから発表されることはあるまいが、内戦はイタリア国内で行なわれ、もしイタリアが戦場となれば、人命の喪失に加えて限りない弊害に苦しまねばならない。このような理由で私は戦いをためらっている。私はAntonyに対して何1つ間違ったことはしていないし、Antonyから間違ったことをされて苦しんでもいないということをここに明らかにして抗議する。諸君には、Luciusとその友人に対して君たち自身のために理を説いてくれるよう切望する。もし諸君が今でも彼らを説得できなのなら私はこれまで臆病によってではなく善意によって動かされてきたことを彼らに示そう。諸君には君たち自身のためばかりでなくAntonyのためにも私の証人となり、Luciusの傲慢を打ち破るべく私を支えてくれるようお願いしたい。」

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

The affairs of Octavian were in disorder outside of Italy also. For Pompeius,by reason of the proscription, the colonising of the soldiers,and these dissensions with Lucius, had gained much in reputation and power.Those who feared for their safety, or had been despoiled of their property,or who utterly abhorred the form of government, mostly went and joined him. Young men, also, eager for military service for the sake of gain, who thought that it made no difference under whom they served, since all service was Roman service, rather preferred to join Pompeius as representing the better cause. He had become rich by sea-robbery and had a numerous fleet and full crews.Murcus joined him with two legions of soldiers,

Translation

Octavianの状況に関してはイタリア国外でも混乱していた。追放、兵士らの入植、Luciusとの不和のために、Pompeiusの評判や権力が高まっていたからだ。自らの身の安全を心配する者や財産を奪われた者、現在の政治形態を許し難いと思う者らの大部分はPompeiusの元に行き、彼に協力していた。利益を得ようと兵役志願を希望していた若者も、全ての兵役はローマへの奉仕だから誰に仕えようと違いはなく、それよりはより正しい大義を象徴するPompeiusの下に行った方がよいと考えた。Pompeiusは海賊行為によって金を得て、多くの艦隊と水兵らを擁していた。Murcusha兵士2レギオンと共にPompeiusに合流した。

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

500 archers, a large sum of money, and eighty ships; he also sent for the other army from Cephallenia. Accordingly, some persons think that if Pompeius had then invaded Italy, which was wasted with famine and civil strife, and was looking for him, he might easily have mastered it.But Pompeius lacked wisdom. His idea was not to invade, but only to defend, and this he did till he failed in that also. In Africa Sextius had just delivered his army, in pursuance of an order from Lucius, to Fango. He was ordered to resume the command, and as Fango would not relinquish it he collected a force composed of retired veterans, a miscellaneous crowd of Africans, and auxiliaries of the native princes,and made war on him.

Translation

500名の射手と大金、80隻の船。PompeiusはCephalleniaからも別の軍隊を呼び寄せた。その結果、飢餓と内戦で疲弊したイタリアにPompeiusが侵入してOctavianを捜せば、イタリアを征服するのはたやすいことだと考える者もいた。だがPompeiusは分別に欠けていた。彼の考えは侵略することではなく守ることのみで、失敗するまでそうしていた。アフリカではLuciusの命令に従ってSextiusが兵をFangoに送ったばかりだった。Sextiusは再び指揮を取るよう命じられたが、Fangoが譲らなかったため、Sextiusは退役軍人や種々のアフリカ民族、現地の王子の援軍からなる軍を召集し、Fangoに戦いを仕掛けた。

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

Two legions of the army which had been colonised at Ancona and which had served under the elder Caesar and under Antony, hearing of the respective preparations for war, and being moved by friendship for each of them, sent ambassadors to Rome to beseech them both to come to an agreement. Octavian replied that he was not making war against Antony, but that Lucius was making war against him. The ambassadors then united with the officers of this army in a common embassy to Lucius asking him to submit his controversy with Octavian to a tribunal; and they made it plain what they would do if he should not accept the decision. Lucius and his friends accepted the proposal, and fixed the place for the trial at Gabii,

Translation

Anconaに定着した軍の2レギオンと父Caesarの下に仕え、現在はAntonyに仕えている兵士らは両者が戦争の準備を進めていると聞き、それぞれの友情に心を動かされて、ローマに特使を送って両者が合意を形成するよう懇願した。OctavianはAntonyに対して戦争を仕掛けているのは自分ではなく、Luciusが自分に対して戦いを仕掛けているのだと答えた。そこで特使らは軍の士官らと共通の大使館に集まり、Luciusに法定にOctavianとの論争を提起するよう求め、もちLuciusgaこの決定を受け入れなければ自分たちがどうするかを明快に示した。Luciusとその友人は提案を飲み、公判の場をRomeとPraenesteの中間にある都市Gabiiに定めた。

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

a city midway between Rome and Praeneste. A council-chamber was prepared for the arbiters, and two platforms for the speakers in the centre, as in a regular trial. Octavian, who arrived first, sent some horsemen along the road by which Lucius was to come, in order to find out whether any stratagem was discoverable. These met certain horsemen of Lucius, either his advance guard or men spying like the others, and as the two parties came into collision killed some of them. Lucius retreated, saying that he was afraid of being entrapped, and, although recalled by the officers of the army, who promised to escort him, he could not be persuaded to come again.Thus the negotiations came to nothing,and Octavian and Lucius

Translation

裁定人のために会議室が準備され、中央には通常の公判と同様、話者のために演壇が設置された。最初に到着したOctavianは発見できそうな計略がないかどうか知るためにLuciusが到着する道沿いに騎兵を送った。Octavianの騎兵らはLuciusの前にいた警護兵、他と同じように偵察に当たっていた騎兵らと衝突し、両者の衝突で数名が殺された。Luciusはわなにかけれらるのが怖いと言って撤退し、軍の士官らは彼をエスコートすると約束して呼び戻したが、Luciusに戻るよう説得することはできなかった。こうして交渉は白紙に戻され、OctavianとLuciusは

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

The officers of the armies bound themselves by an oath to act as umpires again between their magistrates,to decide what was right,and to coerce whichever should refuse to obey the decision;and they summoned Lucius to attend for this purpose.These refused to come,and Octavian reproached them in invidious terms to the officers of the army and in the presence of the optimates of Rome.The latter hastened to Lucius and implored him to have pity on the city and on Italy,torn by the civil wars,and to consent that by common agreement the decision should rest with themselves or with the officers.Although Lucius had respect for the speakers and for what they said,Manius boldly declared that while Antony was doing nothing

Translation

軍の士官らは、何が正しいのかを決定し、決定に従うことを拒否するいづれかを強要して従わせるために、再び治安判事らの裁定者として行動することを誓い、そのためにLuciusに世話をするよう求めた。両者は折り合いをつけることを拒み、Octavianは軍の士官らの不愉快な談合とローマ貴族らの立ち合いを非難した。ローマの貴族はLuciusを急き立てて、戦乱で破壊されたローマ市とイタリアを哀れんで共通の同意によって彼らか士官に決定を任せるよう要請した。Luciusは話者と話している内容に敬意を示したが、ManiusはAntonyが何もせず、

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

but collecting money from foreigners,Octavian was, by his favors,preoccupying the affections of the army and the desirable places in Italy;for that defrauding Antony he had freed Cisalpine Gaul,which had previously been given to Antony;that he had assigned to the soldiers almost the whole of Italy instead of the eighteen cities;that, instead of the twenty-eight legions that had participated in the battle,he had admitted thirty-four to a share of the lands and also of the money from the temples, which he had collected on the pretext of fighting Pompeius,against whom he had done nothing as yet, although the city was oppressed by famine; that he had distributed this money in order to curry favor with the soldiers,

Translation

外国人から金を集めているのに、Octavianはその好意によってイタリアの魅力的な場所で軍の兵士らの心を奪っている。そのため詐欺まがいのAntonyは以前自分に与えられたCisalpine Gaulを手放し、18都市に代わってイタリアのほぼ全土を兵士らに譲渡し、戦争に参加した28レギオンに代わって34レギオンに対し、土地と金を分けることを認めた。その金は、ローマ市は飢饉で苦しんでいるにもかかわらず、AntonyはPompeiusに対してまだ何もしておらず、そのPompeiusと戦うという口実の下、寺院から集めたものだ。Antonyは偏見によって、兵士らの機嫌を取るためにその金をばらまき、

3_yumie7 English → Japanese
Original Text

to the prejudice of Antony, and that the property of the proscribed had been not so much sold as given to the soldiers outright; and, finally, that if he really wanted peace he should give his account for what he had already done, and for the future do only what should be agreed upon in common. Thus arrogantly did Manius proclaim his views, implying that Octavian could not do anything by his own authority and that his agreement with Antony was of no validity, although it provided that each should have absolute power over the affairs committed to him, and that each should ratify what was done by the other. When Octavian saw that they were everywhere preparing for war, each side made similar preparations.

Translation

追放者から奪った財産は兵士らに無強権で与えられたほど売却されていない。そして最後に、Antonyは心から平和を望むなら、自分がこれまで何をしてきたのか説明し、今後は共通の合意を得たことだけをすべきだ。以上のようなことをAntonyに対して言い放った。このようにManiusは自分の見解を傲慢に宣言して、Otavianは彼の権威なくしては何もできず、OctavianのAntonyとの合意は無効であることを暗に示した。と言ってもこの合意によってOctavianに対してなされたことを超えて各々が絶対的な権力を持ち、各々が相手に何をされたかを認めたのだが。Octavianは兵士らが至る所で戦争の準備をしているのを見て、両者共に同じように準備をした。