代用炭とは練炭、豆炭、炭団など木炭の代用品として使用された燃料の総称である。炭団は江戸時代から、練炭は明治中期、豆炭は大正中期に使われ始めた。代用炭需要の拡大は１９２０年代前半の木炭不足が契機となった。明治初年以来１９２０年に至るまで日本は大幅な木炭の輸出国であったが、１９２１年には輸入量が急増し、翌２２年には木炭輸入国となった。特に関東大震災が起こった１９２３年は前年の二倍の木炭を輸入・移入した。木炭生産量が増加していたことを考えると、需要の増加は都市化が原因であろう。
Rating
52
Translation / English
- Posted at 22 Apr 2014 at 18:09
Substitute coal is a collective term of fuels replaced and used by wood coal such as artificial coal, pea coal and coal field. People started using coal field from Edo era, artificial coal in the middle of Meiji era and pea coal in the middle of Taisho era.
The expansion of substitute coal's demand was caused by the shortage of wood coal in the early 1920's.
From the early times of Meiji era to 1920, Japan was a major exporter of wood coal, but the amount of import increased in 1921, Japan became an importer of wood coal on the following year 1922. Especially when the Great Kanto Earthquake struck in 1923, the amount of wood coal imported doubled.
Given the volume of production increased then, the increased demand could be attributed to urbanization.
The expansion of substitute coal's demand was caused by the shortage of wood coal in the early 1920's.
From the early times of Meiji era to 1920, Japan was a major exporter of wood coal, but the amount of import increased in 1921, Japan became an importer of wood coal on the following year 1922. Especially when the Great Kanto Earthquake struck in 1923, the amount of wood coal imported doubled.
Given the volume of production increased then, the increased demand could be attributed to urbanization.
★★★★☆ 4.0/1
Rating
52
Translation / English
- Posted at 22 Apr 2014 at 19:07
Alternative charcoal is the general term of fuel that had been used as the substitute for coal such as a briquet, an oval briquet, or a small round charcoal briquet. The small round charcoal briquet had started being used since Edo Era, the briquet since the middle of Meiji Era and an oval briquet since the middle of Taishoh Era, respectively. The surge in demand for alternative charcoal was caused from the lack of coal in the early 1920s. Japan had been a major coal exporting country since 1920 until the early Meiji Era. However, in 1921, the import of coal skyrocketed, and turned to an coal importing country in the following year. Especially, in 1923, when the Great Kanto Earthquake occurred, Japan imported and brought in twice the amount twice as in the previous year. Taking the fact that the coal production had been increasing into consideration, the increase of demand for coal might have been urbanization.
★★★★☆ 4.0/1
hiro-byn-
over 10 years ago
ありがとうございます。レビューの方もご指摘されていますが、in twice the amount twice asの箇所がよくわかりません。加えて Japan had been a major coal exporting country since 1920 until the early Meiji Era.という箇所も正確ではないようです。
ありがとうございます。レビューの方もご指摘されていますが、in twice the amount twice asの箇所がよくわかりません。加えて Japan had been a major coal exporting country since 1920 until the early Meiji Era.という箇所も正確ではないようです。
replaced and used by wood coalというのは木炭を代用して使われた、という意味なのでしょうか？木炭をwood coalと訳すのもあまり聞いたことがありません。せっかく訳していただきましたが、再考いただけましたら幸いです。
辞書で調べましたが、燃料として使用する炭、木炭のことをcharcoalという訳がありました。
wood coalはスペースアルクの訳です。
代用炭というのが辞書になかったので、substitute coalとして、それが、木炭に取って代わられて、利用された、という訳にしました。
再考しました。replaced by というのが良く無いようなので、replaced with wood coal such as〜に修正します。
ご迷惑おかけしました。
replaced with charcoalでも良いのかなと思います。
丁寧にご検討をいただきありがとうございました。今後ともよろしくお願いいたします。