Translator Reviews ( Japanese → English )

Japanese

代用炭とは練炭、豆炭、炭団など木炭の代用品として使用された燃料の総称である。炭団は江戸時代から、練炭は明治中期、豆炭は大正中期に使われ始めた。代用炭需要の拡大は１９２０年代前半の木炭不足が契機となった。明治初年以来１９２０年に至るまで日本は大幅な木炭の輸出国であったが、１９２１年には輸入量が急増し、翌２２年には木炭輸入国となった。特に関東大震災が起こった１９２３年は前年の二倍の木炭を輸入・移入した。木炭生産量が増加していたことを考えると、需要の増加は都市化が原因であろう。

English

Alternative charcoal is the general term of fuel that had been used as the substitute for coal such as a briquet, an oval briquet, or a small round charcoal briquet. The small round charcoal briquet had started being used since Edo Era, the briquet since the middle of Meiji Era and an oval briquet since the middle of Taishoh Era, respectively. The surge in demand for alternative charcoal was caused from the lack of coal in the early 1920s. Japan had been a major coal exporting country since 1920 until the early Meiji Era. However, in 1921, the import of coal skyrocketed, and turned to an coal importing country in the following year. Especially, in 1923, when the Great Kanto Earthquake occurred, Japan imported and brought in twice the amount twice as in the previous year. Taking the fact that the coal production had been increasing into consideration, the increase of demand for coal might have been urbanization.

Reviews ( 1 )

white_elephant rated this translation result as ★★★★ 22 Apr 2014 at 20:23

brought in twice the amount twice ？？