第一次石油危機の経験をふまえ、政府は総合エネルギー調査会を通じてエネルギー政策について検討を行い、１９７５年に「総合エネルギー政策の基本方向」を閣議決定した。１９７７年にはその具体化のために、１９８５年度と１９９０年度を目標年度とする「長期エネルギー需給暫定見通し」を策定し、１９７８年には石油の安定供給対策の財源として原油及び輸入石油製品に対する石油税が創設された。その間為替の影響で一時的に石油製品は値下がりしたものの、１９７９年には再び石油危機が発生し原油価格は急騰した。
Based on the experience of the first oil crisis, the government reviewed the energy policy through Energy Research Committee and the cabinet decided on "the basic direction of comprehensive energy policy" in 1975. In 1977, the cabinet drew up "Preliminary Forecast of Long-term Energy Supply"setting the goal of the achievement as the fiscal years 1985 and 1990. In 1978, oil tax for crude oil and oil products was created as a revenue source of the measure of stably oil supply. The price of oil products was temporary deceased due to the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations, but the price of crude oil soared triggered by the second oil crisis in 1979.
