Translator Reviews ( Japanese → English )

Japanese

戦線日本においては農村部だけでなく都市部においても、大多数の農家は薪を自給していた。１９５０年代前半まで薪の総消費量のおよそ８５％は自給であった。都市部の一般家庭では、商人を通じて薪を購入していた。木炭は製法の違いによって白炭と黒炭とに分けられる。白炭は着火は遅いが火力が強く長持ちするため暖房用に使われた。後者は着火は早いが火力が弱く火持ちも悪いため炊事用に使われた。明治から全国各地で行われた家計消費データを調査することで、家庭用エネルギーの歴史的消費推計を得ることができる。

English

In Japan before the war, most of the farmers, not only in the rurals but also in the urban districts, provided firewoods for themselves. Until the mid 1950's self-sufficiency rates of firewoods were almost 85% of the total consumption. Regular homes in cities were buying firewoods from merchants. Wood charcoal is classified as white charcoal and black charcoal by the method it is produced. White charcoal ignites slow but lasts long with its high heat and used for heating, while the latter ignites fast but lasts less with its low heat and used for coocking. Studying the data of houshold spendings regionally collected throughout the country since the Meiji era leads to estimated household energy consumptions in a timeline.