[Translation from Japanese to English ] Effect of the feature of cloth on its cool feeling when it touches a body ...

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Requested by jojo0600674d at 13 Apr 2012 at 08:24 6712 views
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布の特性が接触冷感に及ぼす影響について
1.緒言
身体は常に被服に対して部分的に接触しており、身体の動きとともに接触部位も変化している。したがって、身体と被服が接触した瞬時に生じる冷温感は、肌触りとともに着用感や快適性に大きく影響を及ぼしている。川端らにより高速応答性の過渡的熱伝導測定装置(ThermolaboⅡ)が開発された。サーモラボは、有限熱量の熱板(銅板)を試料に圧着させ、熱板からの熱の流出測度を測定する装置である。


Effect of the feature of cloth on its cool feeling when it touches a body
1. Introduction
A body constantly touches partly with cloths and, with the change in the movement of the body, the site of contact between the body and cloths changes. Accordingly the cool/warm feeling arising at the instance of the contact of the body and the cloths remarkably affect their wear feeling and amenity. Kawabata et al. developed a high response transitional heat transfer analyzer (Thermolabo II) With this equipment a heat plate (made of copper) with a known amount of heat quantity was pressed on a sample cloth and the speed of heat transfer from the heat plate is measured.

川端らは、このサーモラボにより測定される初期最大熱流束値(qmax)と接触冷温感との相関が高いこと、また、qmaxは布の表面形態に影響を受けることを実験的に考察している。一方、米田らは、皮膚の過渡的熱伝導と接触冷温感について理論的解析を行っている。
本研究では、繊維組成、密度、織構造、加工の異なる織物を試料としてqmaxの測定を行い、接触冷感に関する主観評価値、基本力学特性、表面特性との関係について考察し、布特性が接触冷感に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的とする。

Kawabata and others consider experimentally that this "Thermolabo" could reveal a higher correlation between measured "qmax" and contact cool sensitivity, and also "qmax" is affected by surface aspects of cloth. Meanwhile, they conduct a theoretic analysis on transitional heat transfer of the skin and contact cool sensitivity.
In this study, they aim to measure "qmax" using samples of diffrent type of fabric in fiber structure, density, woven structure and processing, consider the relationship with subjective appraisal value, basic mechanical property and surface property, finally and clarify the impact of cloth characteristics on contact cool sensitivity

2.実験
 1)試料
 綿80番双糸を経糸とし、緯糸が綿80番双糸、ナイロン30番単糸、レーヨン30番単糸、ウール80番双糸の織物を試料とした。緯糸が綿、ナイロン、レーヨンの織物はそれぞれ45試料で、1インチ当たりの打ち込み本数を100、120、140とした試料が、それぞれ15試料ある。15試料はシルケット・サンフォライズ加工、アルカリ収縮・ワッシャ加工、硬仕上げを施した各5試料から成り、それぞれの試料の織構造は平織、朱子織、綾織、ななこ織および平織の4層構造になっている。

2. Experimental trial
1) Samples
They used as samples fabrics with cotton 80 two-folded yarn as warp and cotton 80 two-folded yarn, nylon 30 single yarn, rayon 30 single yarn and wool 80 two-folded yarn as weft. There are respectively 45 samples weft with fabrics of cotton, nylon and rayon, and respectively 15 samples of 100, 120 and 140 driving numbers per 1 inch.These 15 samples are made up of each-5 samples with silket-sanforized processing, alkali-shrink and washer processing and hard finishing. Woven structure of each sample has 4-layered structure of plain weave, sateen weave, twilling, regular mat weave and plain weave.

これら合計135試料に加えて、緯糸を羊毛80番双糸として打ち込み本数を1インチ当たり100と120で、それぞれ平織、朱子織から成る硬仕上げを施した4試料を加え、合計139試料とした。
2)方法
20℃の室温において、サーモラボⅡ[1]を用いて30℃の銅板を試料上に接触させた直後に銅版から材料に流れる熱流束をフィルター処理し、0.2sec後に現れる最大値qmaxを測定した。

In addition to these 135 samples in total, they used wool 80 two-folded yarn as weft with 100 and 120 driving numbers per 1 inch, and added 4 more samples with hard finishing made up of plain weave and sateen weave, then 139 samples in total.
2) Method
At 20 degrees room temperature they filtered heat flux flowing into material from copperplate right after bringing a 30 degrees temperature copperplate into contact with samples by using ThermolaboⅡand measured the maximum value of "qmax" coming after 0.2 seconds.

一般的に行われているこのqmaxの測定方法は、人の手によってT-boxを移動させる方法では置き方や実験者によってばらつきがあることが懸念されることから、本研究ではKES-G5ハンディー圧縮試験機に面積10㎝2の円形の銅板T-boxを備え付け、qmaxを測定し、従来の方法によるqmax値と比較を行った。測定は1試料につき3回ずつ行い、その平均値を測定と下。機械的にT-boxを試料上に接触させるということ以外は従来の方法と同じ原理である。


The generally employed method to measure qmax by putting T-box with a hand of an experimenter might give variability in the results due to different experimenters. In this experiment, therefore, a qmax value was measured by using a KES-G5 handy-type press test meter equipped with a round copper T-box (area: 10cm2 ), and the qmax value obtained was compared with those obtained by a conventional method. Measurement was carried out three times for each sample, and the mean value was employed for comparison. Basically the difference is to put the T-box to the sample cloth mechanically; other procedures were the same as those of the conventional method.

また、接触冷感に影響を及ぼす物理特性を明らかにするため、KES-Fを用いて標準条件で試料の引張特性(LT、WT、RT)、曲げ特性(B、2HB)、せん断(G、2HG、2HG5)、圧縮特性(LC、WC、RC)、表面特性(MIU、MMD、SMD)を測定し、qmaxとの関係を調べた。
接触冷感に関する主観評価は20℃、65%RHの室内で、冷感を感じない0から最も冷たい-4の5段階評価で冷感を評価した。被験者は19歳から22歳の大学生28名である。

To evaluate the physical characteristics of the sample cloth which affect the cool feeling on touch, we measured tension characteristic (LT, WT, RT), bending characteristic (B, 2HB), shear characteristic (G, 2HG, 2HG5), compression characteristic (LC, WC, RC), and surface characteristic (MIU, MMD, SMD) by using KES-F under a standard condition, and saw the relationship between these characteristics and qmax.
The subjective evaluation of the cool feeling on touch was carried out in a room at 20 oC and with relative humidity of 65%. The feeling evaluation was done by dividing the feeling into five steps: 0 for no cool feeling to 4 for remarkable cool feeling. The human subjects used were 28 college students with ages from 19 to 22..

3.結果と考察
サーモラボⅡによって人の手によってT-boxを接触させて測定されたqmax値と、KES-G5に備え付けたT-boxを接触させて測定されたqmax値との関係を調べた結果、両者の間には相関係数0.85と高い正の相関関係がみられた。以下、この実験におけるqmaxの値はKES-G5に備え付けたT-boxを接触させて測定した値を代表値として扱うこととする。



3. Results and Discussion
When the qmax values measured by putting the T-box on a cloth sample by a human hand using Thermolabo II were compared with those obtained by using a T-box attached on KES-G5, a high positive correlation factor of 0.85 was observed between the two group values. From now on the values of qmax obtained by using a T-box attached on KES-G5 will be employed as representative values.

主観評価値の平均値と各被験者の相関値との相関係数の平均値は0.6、各試料の評価値の標準偏差の平均値は0.8と1未満であることから、これらの評価値を各項目の主観評価値として扱うことは妥当であると考えられ、この値を主観評価値として扱うこととする。
qmax値と主観評価値の平均値の相関係数は-0.78で、高い相関関係がみられた。



The average correlation factor between the average value of subjective evaluation and correlation value for the human subjects was 0.6 The average standard deviation of each sample’s evaluation value was 0.8 (less than 1). Therefore it seems reasonable to use these evaluation values as subjective evaluation values of all items; we will use there values as bona fide subjective evaluation values.
The average correlation factor for qmax values and subjective evaluation values were pretty high with -7.8.

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