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Rapid appreciation of the yen from the Plaza Accord in 1985, and crude oil price slump of the following year transformed the energy consumption of Japan. The yen was converted to a domestic demand-driven economy, a high-yen recession caused sluggish energy consumption. But the expansion of consumer durables and housing was made during the Heisei boom from the late 1980s, home energy consumption has increased steadily since then. Large, home appliances are now multi-functional, the penetration rate will continue to rise. Possession of air conditioning has in particular greatly increased energy consumption. The biggest increase in household electric consumption is in hot water and air conditioning, while comparatively reductions in heating and kitchen energy consumption have fallen.