玉玲 秦 (raidou) — Translations

However, in order to maximize these benefits it is critical to expose an English as a Second Language (ESL) child to English education while they are as young as possible. Studies demonstrate the enormous potential for language development during early childhood and the huge difference in terms of difficulty to learn fluency in a language in later years. For example, a study of 892 children in China found that early English education which occurred before entering elementary school was instrumental in later English and Chinese achievement. This explains why English courses are increasingly incorporated into earlier grade curricula in non-English speaking countries.

然而，爲了最大化這些好處，讓英語作爲第二語言（ESL）的孩子在盡可能小的時候接受英語教育是至關重要的。研究表明，幼兒時期的語言發展潛力巨大，而在以後的嵗月裏，流利地學習一門語言的難度會有很大差異。例如一項對中國892名兒童的研究發現，在進入小學之前進行的早期英語教育對後來的英語和中文成績很有幫助。這就解釋了爲什麽英語課程越來越多地被納入非英語國家的低年級課程裏。

Evidence of the impact on brain physiology comes from brain imaging. Andrea Mechelli of London’s Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience and experts from the Fondazione Santa Lucia in Rome have found that bilingual speakers had denser gray matter compared to monolingual study participants. This may explain why children that learn English as a second language by the time they are 5 years old demonstrate higher academic attainment and fewer social, emotional and behavioural difficulties than their non-English speaking counterparts. These are the very skills that school entrance interviews intend to evaluate to determine school readiness.

對腦生理學影響的證據來自腦成像。倫敦惠康成像神經科學系的Andrea Mechelli和羅馬聖盧西亞基金會的專家發現，與單語研究參與者相比，雙語消費者的灰質密度更大。這也許可以解釋為什麼在5歲時將英語作為第二語言學習的孩子表現出更高的學業成就，並且比非英語同齡人有更少的社交，情感和行為困難。這些是學校入學面試打算評估的技能，以確定學校的準備情況。

And the benefits of English classes translate into higher academic achievement in later years as well. Studies have confirmed that ESL children who learn English outperform in reading and Maths, and on standardized college entrance exams including ACTs and SATs. Learning English also better positions a student to qualify for internationally acclaimed foreign universities where high performance in English proficiency tests such as IELTS, TOEFL and GRE are standard requirements. English education is also critical for job interview performance and career success given it is often regarded as a primary prerequisite qualification for employment and an indispensable workplace tool for success in business.

英語課程的好處也轉化為以後幾年更高的學術成就。研究證實，學習英語的ESL兒童在閱讀和數學以及包括ACTs和SAT在內的標準化大學入學考試中表現出色。學習英語也使學生更有資格進入國際知名的外國大學，在這些大學中，雅思，託福和GRE等英語水平測試的優異成績是標準要求。英語教育對於求職面試表現和職業成功也至關重要，因為它通常被視為就業的主要先決條件，也是商業成功不可或缺的工作場所工具。

English language skills are important for over 95% of employers in many non-native English-speaking countries and that the importance of English skills is increasing as business becomes more international. Employers stated that it is important to have proficiency in all four language skills (reading, writing, speaking and listening), however reading comprehension was identified as the most important language skill closely followed by speaking.

Data also reflects that foreign language skills result in higher earnings and there are several possible explanations. It may be associated with skill-based productivity increases or signal unobserved ability to employers,

在許多非英語母語國家，英語語言技能對超過95%的僱主來說很重要，隨著業務變得更加國際化，英語技能的重要性正在增加。僱主表示，熟練掌握所有四種語言技能（閱讀，寫作，口語和聽力）非常重要，但閱讀理解被認為是最重要的語言技能，緊隨其後的是口語。

數據還反映出外語技能導致更高的收入，並且有幾種可能的解釋。它可能與基於技能的生產力提高有關，或者向僱主發出未被觀察到的能力信號，

Specifically in terms of English proficiency, it results in a significant increase in earnings potential because English is increasingly coming to be regarded as a lingua franca (the second language preference for non-English speakers). According to the British Council, in 2020 there were two billion people studying English. By 2115, it is predicted that only about one tenth of today’s 6,000 languages will remain, making English even more dominant.

Studies that examine the returns to speaking English in non-English speaking countries find a sizeable wage premium for speaking English relative to those that do not.

特別是在英語熟練度方面，它導致收入的潛力顯著增加，因為英語越來越多地被視為通用語（非英語消費者的第二語言偏好）。根據英國文化協會的數據，2020年有20億人學習英語。到2115年，據預測，今天的6000種語言中只有十分之一左右會留下來，這使得英語更加佔主導地位。

研究非英語國家講英語的回報率的研究發現，與不講英語的國家相比，說英語的國家有相當大的工資溢價。

Moreover, children are natural scientists, engineers and problem solvers. They ponder the world around them and try to make sense of it the best way they know how by touching, tasting, building, dismantling, creating, discovering, and exploring. They can be absorbed in building lego blocks or solving rubik’s cubes for hours. Research shows that play has a key role in developing, encouraging and promoting problem silving skills from birth and throughout life. So for kids, after school STEM classes or lego plays with a hands-on bent aren’t just educational. They’re fun and boost holistic development!

此外，兒童是自然科學家、工程師和問題解決者。他們思考周圍的世界，並試圖通過觸摸，品嘗，建造，拆除，創造，發現和探索來以他們所知道的最佳方式理解它。它們可以被吸引在玩乐高或玩魔方數小時。研究表明從出生到整個生命周期，遊戲在發展，鼓勵和促進問題解决技能方面發揮著關鍵作用。因此，對於孩子們來說，放學后的STEM課程或動手的樂高遊戲不僅僅是教育。它們不但有趣，而且可以促進整體發展！

Engagement in sport classes has been positively associated with numerous dimensions of psychological and emotional development, most commonly improved self-esteem, fewer depressive symptoms and reduced social anxiety. Extracurricular sport competitions can also teach a child how to deal with failure gracefully and effectively, channeling that energy into (sometimes literally) getting back on the horse.

The correlation between motor skill development and cognitive development is well established in younger children but there is also evidence that even for primary children there is a significant correlation between motor skills and cognitive learning abilities in mathematical analysis and language comprehension.

參加體育課程與心理和情感發展的許多方面呈正相關，最常見的是提高自尊心，減少抑鬱癥狀和減少社交焦慮。課外體育比賽還可以教孩子如何優雅有效地處理失敗，將這種能量引導到（有時是字面上）重新上馬。

運動技能發展與認知發展之間的相關性在年幼的兒童中已經確立，但也有證據表明，即使在小學生中，在數學分析和語言理解中，運動技能和認知學習能力之間也存在顯著的相關性。

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Yakiniku (Korean barbecue)
Teppan-yaki (the Japanese style steak course on a teppan plate) 
Skewed grilled chicken
Genghis Khan (Mongolian mutton barbecue)
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Sashimi (raw fish)
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碳烤鸡
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章鱼烧

In November 2000, Koda debuted with "TAKE BACK" in the U.S.

It was reached #18 on the U.S. billboard charts and in the following month, she debuted in Japan.
The remix ver. of her second single, "Trust Your Love", was reached #19 on the U.S. billboard all-genre music charts and she became the 7th Japanese singer to be ranked in the criteria. Following her second single, she released "real Emotion", "LOVE&HONEY", "Butterfly", "Koi No Tsubomi", "Yume No Uta" and so on. Koda also accomplished "12 Singles Project" in which for twelve consecutive weeks, she released one single per week that was historic first.

2000年11月，Koda以“TAKE BACK”在美國出道。

此曲在美國Billboard排行中取得第18位，並在之後的幾個月中她在日本出道。
她的第2張單曲混音版"Trust Your Love“獲得美國billboard all-genre音樂榜單第19位，並成爲第7位進入榜單的日本藝人。
在第2張單曲之後，她發行了 "real Emotion", "LOVE&HONEY", "Butterfly", "Koi No Tsubomi", "Yume No Uta" 等單曲。Koda同時達成每週發行1張單曲，連續12周的”12張單曲行動“。

In 2005 and 2006, Best Albums were released and each album sold more than 2 million copies! Her concert which was held at TOKYO DOME in December, 2000 became a great success.

In March 2009, Koda released a single, collaboration with her younger sister Misono, debuted atop the Oricon, making the sisters the first siblings to have a single top the chart in its initial week. In October 2009, Koda held her fist oversea solo live concert in Taiwan.

Year 2010 is her 10th anniversary year. Koda was going to release a new best album collecting all the singles; however she wished that she could still evolve and grow bigger as a singer.

2005-2006年，她的最佳大碟發售，並且銷量都突破200万張！她于12月在東京巨蛋舉行巡演，並動員了2000觀衆。

2009年3月，Koda發行了與親妹妹Misono的合作單曲，並取得Oricon第一位，成爲姐妹史上獲得第一位的首對藝人。2009年10月，Koda在臺灣舉辦了第一場海外公演。

2010年10周年之際，Koda發行了新最佳大碟，收錄了所有單曲。然而她希望還能更加進步並成爲更棒的歌手

With her strong wish, Koda challenged releasing "BEST〜 third universe〜 & 8th AL "UNIVERSE", a new original and a best album packaged together, which was charted #1 on Oricon weekly charts.

By April, 2010, Koda has released 10 DVDs, 8 original albums, 4 best albums, and 46 single CDs.

Not only Koda maintains energetic activities as a singer, but she also challenges different kinds of works; she has released a photo book, "MAROC", and a photo essay "KODA-SHIKI".

抱著強烈的希望，Koda挑戰並發行了新原創大碟及最佳大碟的同捆CD"BEST〜 third universe〜 & 8th AL "UNIVERSE"，並取得ORICON周排行第一位。

到2010年4月爲止，Koda共發行10張DVD，8張原創大碟，4張最佳大碟以及46張單曲。

Koda不僅以歌手的身份活躍，她還挑戰了不同的領域。
她發行過寫真集《MAROC》以及寫真散文《KODA-SHIKI》

Koda has been winning awards for being a new trendsetter in Japan, including the "Best Jeanist Award" every year from 2006 till 2009 and the title of "Nail Queen" for her nail art by Japan Nail Expo for 3 years continuously and awarded the Hall of Fame in 2008.

Koda獲得了日本流行新趨勢的美譽。包括從2006年到2009年連續獲得《最佳JEANIST獎》，日本美甲展的美甲皇后美譽，並于2008年進入名人堂