Translator Reviews ( Japanese → English )

Japanese

日本の家屋は冬の寒さよりも夏の蒸暑さを回避するように設計されていたので断熱性、気密性に乏しかった。よってヨーロッパと異なり、日本では囲炉裏、こたつ、火鉢などを使った局所暖房が多かった。囲炉裏は暖房、炊事、採光の機能を同時に果たした。囲炉裏の燃料は薪が中心だったが、それが不足する地域では藁、籾殻、流木などが使われたり、泥炭や木炭が用いられる地域もあった。都市部では住宅が狭く、燃料調達が困難だった為、囲炉裏は用いられずコタツや火鉢（燃料は木炭や炭団）が使用された。

English

Houses in Japan used to be designed to prevent heat and humidity during summer rather than to prevent cold air during winter, and lacked in insulation and air circulation. Unlike in Europe, partial heating such as fireplaces, foot warmers and braziers was very common in Japan. Fireplaces were used for cooking and light as well as heat. The fuel for fireplaces was mainly wood. Straws, rice hulls, driftwood, peats and charcoals were used as well in areas where there was not enough wood. In urban areas, foot warmers and braziers (whose fuel was charcoals and charcoal briquettes) were used instead of fireplaces, because the houses were smaller and getting the fuel supply was difficult.