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Party branches and village committees

Village-level Party organizations are another obstacle to grassroots democratization.
Though the Organic Law (Art. 3) states that Party branches should ‘support villagers
in developing self-governance and exercising their democratic rights’, it also insists
that branches are a village’s ‘leadership core’. This means that Party
leaders play a dominant role in most locations, with the Party secretary usually
considered the village ‘number one’, and the committee director the
village ‘number two’.

Fieldwork and surveys of grassroots cadres have confirmed the pre-eminence of
Party secretaries. Liang estimated that 80% of secretaries nationwide were their village’s top power holder,